novareads.musicK-pop

Kim Hyun-sik

1958–1990

A balladeer of the 1980s who chose the stage and the record over television, and gave his roughening voice to song until the very end.

At a glance 🔭💭

1. RootsBorn in Inhyeon-dong, Seoul,…Father's death in 1969High-school dropout, equival…2. DepartureMyeong-dong music cafésJeon Yu-seong's encouragementFirst album, 19803. Dongah KihoekKim Young, label head“I Loved You”The faceless singer4. PeakSpring Summer Fall Winter“Like Rain, Like Music”Friendship with Yoo Jae-ha5. OrdealYoo Jae-ha's deathDeepening drink6. Posthumous workThe second hand of “Lament”November 1, 1990“My Love by My Side”Hyun-sik1958–1990The balladeer who sang the 1980s in an undergr…
Journey on the stage 🧭🗺️
NSouth KoreaSeoul1958–1990OkcheonThe 1960s

Some coordinates adapted from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0) · Pleiades (CC BY 3.0)

The people around him ⏳🌊

  • SupportJeon Yu-seong

    In his days as a music-café DJ, he heard the young Kim Hyun-sik sing and urged him to take up music in earnest.

  • SupportKim Young

    As head of Dongah Kihoek, he released Kim's records from the second album on, stepped in to help at his 1987 arrest, and after his death brought even unreleased recordings out on record.

  • FriendshipYoo Jae-ha

    He played briefly with Spring Summer Fall Winter as its keyboardist and gave Kim “The Hidden Road.” His death in 1987 left Kim Hyun-sik deeply wounded.

  • CompositionPark Seong-sik

    Keyboardist of Spring Summer Fall Winter, he wrote the signature song “Like Rain, Like Music.”

  • FriendshipLee Moon-sae

    A fellow singer of the same era and a friend, said to have worried over the drinking that was ruining his health and urged him to stop.

  • CompositionOh Tae-ho

    A guitarist with Sinchon Blues, who wrote both the music and the lyrics of “My Love by My Side” on the posthumous sixth album.

Play all 7 on YouTube ↗

I. The boy from Inhyeon-dong · 1958–1974

(Birth) He was born in January 1958 in Inhyeon-dong 1-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul, South Korea. The birthday entered in the family register is January 7. Some records, however, say he was actually born on the thirtieth day of the twelfth lunar month of 1957, which fell on February 18, 1958. (Loss) His family is said to have been fairly comfortable. But his father's business declined, and his father died in 1969. As a boy he passed through a school in Seoul and Jukhyang Elementary School in Okcheon, North Chungcheong Province, before attending Suyu Elementary School in Seoul. That he changed schools several times suggests the family's circumstances were far from smooth. Many recollections hold that after losing his father he became a rebellious student. (Guitar) In 1970 he entered Boseong Middle School and learned guitar from his cousin Yang Guk-jeong. In 1973 he went on to Myongji High School and joined the school band. But he is said to have touched an older member's instrument without permission, a fight broke out, and he was thrown out of the band. Early the following year, 1974, he left school. All that remained to the sixteen-year-old was a guitar and the wish to sing. Learning music outside formal education is bound up with the attitude he later showed, never meekly yielding to the customs of broadcasting and institutions.

II. An acoustic guitar in Myeong-dong · 1975–1983

(Equivalency exam) In 1975, at seventeen, he passed the high school equivalency examination. Around then he began singing with an acoustic guitar slung over his shoulder in the music cafés of Myeong-dong and Jongno. In the music cafés of the time, young singers performed in the gaps while the DJ played requests. Jeon Yu-seong, who was working there as a DJ, is said to have heard him sing and urged him to take up music in earnest. (Night stages) He sang lead in bands such as Black Butterfly and Light of the East, building his skills on the nightclub circuit. During these years he was caught up in a marijuana case and jailed for several months. Records disagree on whether this happened around 1975 or in 1978. Either way, it was part of the fallout from the marijuana crackdown that shook the pop world in the late 1970s, and the debut he had been preparing was delayed accordingly. (Debut) In 1980 his first album appeared, featuring his own songs “Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter” and “Your Image” (some sources give the release as 1981). It was a record that showcased his clear, gentle voice. But with the launch of color television broadcasting at the end of 1980, the center of Korean pop was shifting to the TV screen, and an LP by a newcomer far removed from broadcasting barely sold. Among underground musicians, though, it was well received. (Family) He married in 1982 and soon had a son. Though his records did not sell, he is said to have remembered this time with his family as the happiest of his life.

III. Dongah Records and Dolgaebaram · 1984–1985

(Dongah Records) The person who opened the door again was Kim Young, head of Dongah Records. From the mid-1980s Dongah released one album after another by musicians such as Deulgukhwa, Han Young-ae, Sinchon Blues and Spring Summer Fall Winter. It was the home base of underground music, which competed through concerts and records rather than television. Kim Hyun-sik stood at the front of that current. (Dolgaebaram) In September 1984 his second album, “I Loved You / Darkness, That Starlight,” was released. The backing was provided by his band, Kim Hyun-sik and Dolgaebaram. The title track, “I Loved You,” was a song he wrote himself. Looking back calmly, in the past tense, on a love that has gone, its unadorned lyrics and melody laid his voice wholly bare. As the song spread through radio requests, he at last made his name with the public. (Stage) During this period he shied away from television appearances. So while his songs were known, his face was not, earning him the nickname “the faceless singer.” His songs spread through radio and cassette tapes, and people met him at small theaters and campus concert halls. In an era when appearing on air meant success, his way of gathering fans through the stage and records alone became a model for the path later taken by Dongah's musicians. (Circumstances) Making a living from music was still far from easy.

♪I Loved You1984Live Kim Hyun-sik · with “Don't Say a Word”

The title track of his second album, his fresh start at Dongah Records, which he wrote himself. It was his first hit of the radio era, the song that earned him the nickname “the faceless singer.”

  • A recording from before his voice turned rough. Compare its clear high notes, almost free of rasp, with the songs from the third album on, and you can hear how much his voice changed in a short time.
  • The lyrics look back calmly, in the past tense, on a love that has passed. So rather than letting emotion burst out, he sings in the tone of someone stepping back to remember.
  • Dolgaebaram's accompaniment is simply arranged around guitar, keyboards and drums. You can feel the texture of mid-1980s analog recording, which put the voice up front without lavish ornament.
Listen on YouTube ↗

IV. Spring Summer Fall Winter · 1986–1987

(Formation) In 1986 he put together a new band. Its name, Kim Hyun-sik and Spring Summer Fall Winter, was taken from a song on his first album. Kim Jong-jin on guitar, Jeon Tae-kwan on drums, and Jang Ki-ho and Park Sung-sik, who would later form Bitgwa Sogeum, joined him. Yoo Jae-ha, just out of military service, came in on keyboards. Yoo left the group after six months, during the album sessions, over musical differences, but the friendship between the two men continued afterward. (Peak) His third album came out in December 1986. It included “Like Rain, Like Music,” written by Park Sung-sik, and “The Hidden Path,” written by Yoo Jae-ha. Over the polished accompaniment of young players with a feel for jazz and fusion lay a voice beginning to roughen from drink and cigarettes. Many critics say that as a husky rasp crept into his once clear voice, the emotion of his singing only deepened. The album sold more than 300,000 copies. Some recall that it sold steadily over time rather than right after release. (Arrest) His work with Spring Summer Fall Winter did not last long. Kim Hyun-sik took the stage with Sinchon Blues, a loose gathering of blues players. In October 1987 he was arrested again, on charges of using marijuana and methamphetamine. With the help of Kim Young, he was released on a suspended sentence. (Parting) On November 1 of that year, Yoo Jae-ha died in a car accident at twenty-five. It was just three months after he had released his only album, Because I Love You. Those around Kim Hyun-sik remember that his drinking grew markedly heavier afterward.

♪Like Rain, Like Music1986Vocals Lee Seung-chul · 2005 KBS Concert 7080

The title track of the third album, made with Spring Summer Fall Winter. Written by Park Sung-sik, it became Kim Hyun-sik's signature song.

  • The composer, Park Sung-sik, is a keyboardist who later worked in Bitgwa Sogeum. Its sophisticated, jazz-inflected harmony (chord progression) gives it an urban mood quite unlike the pop ballads of the day.
  • A voice just beginning to turn husky rests on top of the sleek accompaniment. Many critics say this contrast heightens the song's lonely feeling.
  • In the chorus there is a passage where he draws a note out long and then lets it go, as if trailing off. It is a moment that shows his style well: rather than forcing the high notes with power, he lets them flow out carrying the emotion.
  • Even today it is a frequent radio request on rainy days. Many younger singers have sung it again on competition shows and remake albums.
Listen on YouTube ↗
♪The Hidden Path1986Stage Shin Seung-hun·Kim Hyun-sik virtual duet · 2016 Fantastic Duo

A song written by Yoo Jae-ha, briefly his bandmate. It appeared on Kim Hyun-sik's third album before Yoo's own record.

  • Yoo Jae-ha's characteristic classical-style harmony runs underneath. Rather than following the set melody exactly, Kim Hyun-sik sings over it as if speaking, holding back the beat little by little.
  • It is worth comparing with the same song on Yoo Jae-ha's first album, released the following year. You can hear how differently the composer's delicate, clear voice and Kim Hyun-sik's rough one shape the same song.
  • A song about a heart that hesitates before a road it cannot see ahead. Because both men died young, it is now often spoken of as a song that recalls their friendship.
Listen on YouTube ↗

V. Back to the stage · 1988–1989

(Comeback) In 1988 he returned to the stage with a comeback concert. His fourth album came out in September of the same year (some sources give the release as 1989). The bassist Song Hong-seop handled the arrangements. It included Lee Jung-sun's “In the Middle of the Night,” Yoo Jae-ha's “You in My Arms,” Jang Ki-ho's “I Can't Love,” and “A Summer Night's Dream” by Yoon Sang, then a newcomer composer. Also on the album were “Always by My Side,” composed by Song Byung-joon with lyrics written by Kim together with Song, and the harmonica instrumental “Korean.” Singing again the song of a friend who had died, and taking up the work of a new generation of composers, the album shows exactly a time when parting and new beginnings overlapped. (Collaboration) In 1989 he is known to have sung the film theme “Watercolor on a Rainy Day” with Kang In-won and Kwon In-ha. The same year he also took part in the making of Sinchon Blues' second album. Many recall that he seemed happy when singing alongside his colleagues. (Drink) But his body was breaking down. Friends such as Lee Moon-sae and the guitarist Ham Choon-ho are said to have urged him many times to cut back on drinking. There are also accounts that, being quick-tempered, he often clashed with broadcast producers and was strict with his bandmates. On the other hand, some colleagues are said to remember him as a senior with a deep, quiet warmth. The younger musician Shin Hae-chul once said he admired the way Kim never bowed even before broadcast production staff.

♪A Summer Night's Dream1988Vocals Kim Gun-mo · 1995 KBS The Lee Moon-sae Show

A song from the comeback fourth album, written by Yoon Sang, then a newcomer. It shows the open ear with which he embraced a new generation of composers.

  • A dreamy resonance from the keyboards envelops the whole song. You can glimpse the early sensibility of Yoon Sang, who later made his name in electronic music.
  • On this song he presses his voice low and sings almost in a whisper. Sung with less force than the other tracks on the album, it lets you hear another grain of his voice.
  • The arrangement was by the bassist Song Hong-seop. You can feel the meticulous recording of the Dongah circle of players in the late 1980s.
Listen on YouTube ↗
♪Always by My Side1988Live Kim Hyun-sik · sung straight after “Like Rain, Like Music”

The title track of the fourth album, composed by Song Byung-joon, with lyrics written by Kim together with Song. It holds the feelings of a time when he had lost a friend and returned to the stage.

  • It is a song addressed directly to the other person, asking them to stay close. And so the whole song sounds like a confession.
  • As the song goes on, the voice breaks out ever more roughly. It begins low and builds its feeling higher and higher toward the end.
  • The fourth album also includes Yoo Jae-ha's “You in My Arms,” sung anew in the same period. Heard back to back, the two songs bring the album's mood of longing into sharp focus.
Listen on YouTube ↗

VI. The last songs · 1990–1991

(Illness) In March 1990 his fifth album, the last released in his lifetime, came out. By then, it is said, his cirrhosis had spread as far as his lungs. The title track, “Lament,” carries the sound of a ticking second hand. Many critics hear it as the sound of counting down the time he had left. He is said to have taken the stage with his swollen belly hidden under loose clothes. (Recording) Even as his illness worsened, he recorded a sixth album. Stories have it that he slipped out of the hospital to keep recording. On October 30 he wrote and recorded “To You in the Empty Field.” Three days later, on the afternoon of November 1, 1990, he died at his home in Dongbu Ichon-dong, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, at thirty-two. It was exactly three years to the day since Yoo Jae-ha had died. The funeral was held on November 3, and after cremation he was laid to rest at Bundang Memorial Park (formerly Nam Seoul Park Cemetery). (Posthumous album) In January 1991 the posthumous sixth album came out. Its track “My Love by My Side” was a song written earlier by Oh Tae-ho, who had played guitar in Sinchon Blues. The song reached number one on the music chart shows. Sales figures vary widely by source, from 500,000 to more than a million copies. At that year's Golden Disc Awards the sixth album won the grand prize, and his young son went up on stage to accept it in his father's place. (Legacy) His songs went on being sung again and again. In 2010 a documentary marking the 20th anniversary of his death was broadcast. Since 2015 the Kim Hyun-sik Song Festival has been held every year in Seodaemun-gu. In 2020 a television project even revived his voice with artificial intelligence. A voice of the cassette and LP era carried on into the age of CDs and streaming, and is still sung, year after year, as a song for rainy days.

♪Lament1990Official MV — Shin Sung-woo · Kim Hyun-sik 20th-anniversary tribute album

The title track of his fifth album, the last released in his lifetime. He recorded it in a body worn down by advanced cirrhosis.

  • The ticking second hand in the track is famous. The reading of it as a device counting down the time he had left is widely shared.
  • The voice sounds rougher still, the breath short. Stripped of technique and leaving the tremor as it is, the recording strikes some listeners as painful and others as utterly honest.
  • As the title suggests, it pours out his lot as if talking to himself. It is less an attempt to persuade anyone than a murmur to himself.
Listen on YouTube ↗
♪My Love by My Side1991Stage: IU·Yoo Hee-yeol · 2017 SBS Gayo Daejeon

He took a song Oh Tae-ho had written earlier and put it on his sixth album. Released after his death, it brought him the greatest success of his career.

  • Recorded when his illness was at its worst, the voice keeps every rasp and crack. Some parts are said to use unfinished takes (guide vocals).
  • Over a simple accompaniment, it pleads earnestly not to be left alone. Heard alongside the situation he was in, it reached listeners with a particular weight.
  • It reached number one on the music chart shows in 1991, and the image of his young son accepting the grand prize in his place at the Golden Disc Awards stayed long in memory.
  • To this day it remains one of his most-covered songs. Set the cleaner versions by younger singers beside the original, and the power of the original's rough texture comes through all the more.
Listen on YouTube ↗

Lesser-known stories

(The first to sing it) “The Hidden Road,” known as Yoo Jae-ha's signature song, actually appeared first on Kim Hyun-sik's third album in 1986. Yoo Jae-ha's own recording came out the following year on his first album. Because Yoo's only album became a legend, the order is often remembered backward, but the song is also a record of the brief time the two men played in the same band. (Sickbed recordings) In the last year of his life, Kim Hyun-sik recorded songs from his sickbed and at home. These recordings went unreleased for 23 years until, in 2013, Kim Young, head of Dongah Gihoek, turned them into the album “Kim Hyun-sik, October 2013.” It contains 9 previously unreleased songs and 12 earlier songs sung again from his sickbed. It is a primary source on his final year that the finished albums alone could never reveal. (Two birthdays) His birthday differs from source to source. His family register gives January 7, 1958, but there is a record that he was actually born on the last day of the twelfth lunar month, which falls on February 18 by the solar calendar. It is a trace of an era when registering a birth on a date other than the real one was common.

Notes on terms 📚🔎

Underground

(Meaning) The English word underground means beneath the ground. It is used to mean working below the big, highly visible stages. (In Korean popular music) In the 1980s it referred to musicians who rarely appeared on television music programs and built their following through small-theater concerts, records and radio. Kim Hyun-sik, Deulgukhwa and Sinchon Blues are the classic examples. Think of a band that never plays the big stage at the school festival, yet plays in the music room every break until word spreads among those in the know. (Elsewhere) It can also mean the subway, and in politics it means secret, clandestine activity.

Music tearoom

(Meaning) Dabang (茶房) means a room (房) for drinking tea (茶). A music dabang is a tearoom that plays music. (In Korean popular music) In the 1970s, tearooms where a DJ in a glass booth played customers' requests on LP were young people's hangouts. They were also stages where new singers, acoustic guitars slung over their shoulders, honed their craft. Kim Hyun-sik, too, began singing in the music tearooms of Myeong-dong and Jongno. It is much like the school broadcasting club playing friends' requests at lunchtime — except that at a music tearoom, singers sometimes sang right there in person.

Backing band

(Meaning) The English word back means behind. A backing band is the band behind the singer that provides the accompaniment. (In Korean popular music) Bands recorded and performed with their name attached after the singer's, as in Kim Hyun-sik and Dolgaebaram or Kim Hyun-sik and Spring Summer Fall Winter. Spring Summer Fall Winter began as a backing band and later became a group in its own right. It is like the pianist who shares the stage with the conductor at a choir competition — except that a backing band is a team of people playing different instruments.

Sadan (division)

(Meaning) Sadan (師團) originally refers to a large unit in the army, a division. (In Korean popular music) It refers to a circle gathered around one agency or one musician, trading songs and playing together. The Dongah Gihoek sadan of the 1980s included musicians such as Kim Hyun-sik, Deulgukhwa, Han Young-ae, Sinchon Blues, Spring Summer Fall Winter and Light & Salt. Picture older and younger athletes training at the same gym and teaching one another their moves. (Elsewhere) In the military it means a unit made up of several regiments.

Husky voice

(Meaning) The English word husky means a rough, hoarse sound. (In Korean popular music) It describes a voice that is not clear but mixed with hoarseness. Kim Hyun-sik's voice grew rough from drinking and smoking around the time of his third album, and critics said this hoarseness deepened the sorrow of his songs. On sports day, when you cheer so much you lose your voice, the same words can sometimes sound more urgent. The feeling is similar. (Elsewhere) Husky is also the name of a breed of sled dog.

Guide vocal

(Meaning) The English word guide means one who shows the way. A guide vocal is a temporary voice that shows a song the way. (In Korean popular music) It is a provisional vocal sung in advance as a reference when recording the accompaniment or shaping a song. It is usually re-recorded properly later, but Kim Hyun-sik's posthumous sixth album is said to have used, as they were, some takes he never got to sing again. It is like sketching in pencil in art class and adding paint later. In this case, the sketch itself became the finished work.

Posthumous work

(Meaning) Yujak (遺作) combines yu (遺, 'to leave behind') and jak (作, 'to make'), meaning a work left behind by someone who has died. (In Korean popular music) It refers to an album recorded while a musician was alive but released after their death. Kim Hyun-sik's sixth album and Yoo Jae-ha's first album are the classic examples. Like opening, long afterward, the rolling paper a friend left behind when they changed schools, listeners search it for the last voice of the one who is gone.

Golden Disc

(Meaning) The English golden disc means a gold-colored record. It comes from the Western practice of presenting a commemorative gold record plaque for a best-selling album. (In Korean popular music) An album awards ceremony begun in 1986, honoring the albums that sold well and were most loved over the year. In 1991 Kim Hyun-sik's posthumous sixth album won the grand prize, and his young son accepted it in his place. It is like the award given at the end of the school year to the classmate who worked hardest. The difference is that this award also weighs how many copies an album sold.