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Exhibition (1993–1997)

‘Could my youth have existed without you?’ — the first sentence of the farewell Kim Dong-ryul wrote for his friend Seo Dong-wook in the winter of 2024

At a glance 🔭💭

1. RootsFormed in Seoul, South KoreaWhimoon High demo tapeA note on “First Love”2. DebutUniversity Song Festival gra…“In a Dream”Produced by Shin Hae-chul·Ki…3. PeakFirst album “Etude of Memori…Military serviceSecond album “Drunken Truth”4. GraduationEP “Graduation”Disbanded in 1997Seo Dong-wook's humming5. AfterwardCarnival and solo workSeo Dong-wook's path into fi…“Architecture 101” revival6. FarewellSeo Dong-wook dies in 2024Memorial concert “A Walk”Exhibition1993–1997A duo of two Whimoon High School classmates wh…
Journey of the stage 🧭🗺️
NSouth KoreaSeoul1991–1997

Some coordinates adapted from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0) · Pleiades (CC BY 3.0)

People alongside ⏳🌊

  • MemberKim Dong-ryul

    The musical center of Exhibition, he composed every song, arranged most of them, and sang and played piano; after the breakup he carried on with Carnival and as a solo artist.

  • MemberSeo Dong-wook

    He heard Kim Dong-ryul's demo tape and sent back a written response, setting Exhibition in motion; he played bass and wrote lyrics, and after the breakup worked in finance until his death in 2024.

  • ProducerShin Hae-chul

    An elder of the University Song Festival, he co-produced the first album and supervised the second, taught the pair how to build a sound, and nicknamed them the Dongdong Brothers of Sinchon.

  • ProducerKim Hyung-suk

    Alongside Shin Hae-chul, he co-produced the first album and made its release possible, and arranged “Nostalgia.”

  • FriendshipLee Juck

    In the year of the breakup he formed Carnival with Kim Dong-ryul, and when Seo Dong-wook died he mourned him as someone with whom he had shared everything.

Play all 4 on YouTube ↗

I. The demo tape and the written response · 1991–1993

(Formation) Exhibition was a duo formed in 1993 in Seoul, South Korea, by Kim Dong-ryul and Seo Dong-wook, classmates from Whimoon High School. That year they first made their name by winning the grand prize at the MBC College Song Festival, and the following year they released their first record on Daeyoung AV. The two were the same age, born in March and April of 1974. (Demo) It all began with a demo tape Kim Dong-ryul made on his own as a high school student. Seo Dong-wook heard “First Love” on it by way of a friend of a friend and sent back a long letter of impressions, and that letter made them friends. Kim Dong-ryul would later name this song as the decisive spark that brought Exhibition into being. At Whimoon High's 1991 Hanti Song Festival, “Promise,” which the two sang in harmony, is recorded as having won a prize. (Division of labor) The two went on to Yonsei University together. Their roles were divided early: Kim Dong-ryul wrote the songs, played piano and sang, while Seo Dong-wook played bass and wrote the lyrics. (Song festival) At the 1993 MBC College Song Festival, the two took both the grand prize and a special prize with the jazz-tinged “In a Dream.” Both were freshmen; Kim Dong-ryul wrote the melody and Seo Dong-wook the words. Until the 1980s, the College Song Festival had been the main gateway leading student musicians into the pop world. Shin Hae-chul, who had come through this same stage with Muhan Gwedo, would soon become the pair's first producer.

♪In a Dream1993 (re-recorded 1997)Stage Exhibition (Kim Dong-ryul·Seo Dong-wook) · 1993 MBC College Song Festival

The song that won two college freshmen the grand prize and a special prize at the 1993 MBC College Song Festival. Four years later it was re-recorded for their final record, “Graduation.”

  • Jazz-inflected harmony (chords that stack a few extra notes on the basic triad to deepen their color) lies beneath it all. It was an idiom rarely heard at the College Song Festival in the early 1990s.
  • This was the pair's first collaboration, with Kim Dong-ryul writing the melody and Seo Dong-wook the lyrics. The division of labor that defined Exhibition began with this song.
  • Listen to the festival original and the 1997 re-recording on “Graduation” back to back, and you can hear how much the voice and the arrangement firmed up in four years.
  • The speaker drifts between dream and reality, talking as if to himself, which suits the calm, low-register way it is sung.
Listen on YouTube ↗

II. The first exhibition · 1994

(Production) In May 1994, their first album, “Exhibition,” came out on Daeyoung AV. The producer credits went to Shin Hae-chul, Kim Hyung-suk and Exhibition themselves. The two were gifted songwriters but had little experience shaping a sound, and they are said to have learned a great deal from Shin Hae-chul at this stage. Because both their names contained the same character, dong (東), Shin Hae-chul called them the Dong-Dong Brothers of Sinchon. (Journey) On the track “Journey,” studio chatter was left in rather than erased. Seo Dong-wook is said to have suggested bringing in real horn players, and Kim Dong-ryul worried about the cost. Shin Hae-chul then reportedly told them that money was not their concern and to just do it. The air between twenty-year-old newcomers and their senior producer was captured on the recording as it was. “Before the Door of the World” was sung by Shin Hae-chul and Kim Dong-ryul together. Because N.EX.T was a three-piece at the time, the electric guitar on “Etude of Memories” on the first album was played by Jung Ki-song. (Etude) The title track, “Etude of Memories,” was a song Kim Dong-ryul wrote in high school. His low, rich voice carried, with composure, a monologue of someone looking back alone on a love that had passed. (Era) In 1994, the airwaves were swept by the dance music that followed Seo Taiji and Boys, and records sold on cassette and CD. Amid all this, the ballads of a college duo writing for piano, strings and jazz harmonies spread by way of radio and campuses. One account has the first album selling more than 1.5 million copies. Sales tallies of the time were not rigorous, however, so the exact figure is hard to confirm.

♪Etude of Memories1994Stage Exhibition · 1994 MBC College Song Festival

The title track of the first album, written by Kim Dong-ryul in high school, and the song that made the college duo known all at once. Eighteen years later, the film “Architecture 101” brought it back onto the charts.

  • It opens with a piano introduction, and the strings layer in one by one. The trumpet solo in the interlude (a passage where a single wind instrument carries the melody alone) is often named the song's finest moment.
  • Kim Dong-ryul is said to have believed a recording had to be finished in a single take, so he sang it just once and walked out. Hence the story among fans that the opening notes sound slightly flat.
  • Rather than belting high notes, he sings in a low register, almost as if speaking. The voice of a monologue, looking back alone on a love gone by, comes from this way of singing.
  • In the 2012 film “Architecture 101,” it served as the song that calls up memories of first love, and sales of the first album rose sharply after the film's release.
Listen on YouTube ↗
♪Journey1994Stage Kim Dong-ryul · 2002 KBS Lee So-ra's Propose

A song that preserves, just as it was, a studio conversation among Shin Hae-chul, Seo Dong-wook and Kim Dong-ryul. The mood between newcomers and their senior producer lingers on the recording.

  • In the chatter mixed into the track you can hear, one after another, Seo Dong-wook proposing real horns, Kim Dong-ryul worrying about the cost, and Shin Hae-chul telling them to just do it.
  • The live horn playing recorded at the end of that conversation (live brass — real brass played by musicians, not a synthesizer) lights up the song.
  • The story goes that it was originally meant for the College Song Festival. Seo Dong-wook wrote the lyrics and Kim Dong-ryul the music.
  • The version on Kim Dong-ryul's best-of album drops the chatter, which has made the first-album original, conversation and all, the version people seek out.
Listen on YouTube ↗

III. Military service · 1994–1996

(Enlistment) After finishing promotion for the first album, the two enlisted and served in the military side by side. After high school and university, they walked the same road even into the army. Thirty years later, when Kim Dong-ryul paid tribute to his friend, the years he recalled came in the same order: high school, university, the army, Exhibition. (Leave) The second album took shape around this time. One story has it planned during their service and worked on bit by bit whenever they were on leave; another record says it was made in earnest after their discharge. Either way, the rhythm of military life set the schedule of the second album. For newcomers who had only just made their name with a first album, leaving the stage for nearly two years was a setback in terms of activity, but for the two of them it became time to polish their next record at length. (Taking charge) Unlike the first album, this time Kim Dong-ryul and Seo Dong-wook produced it themselves. Shin Hae-chul, their senior at the same agency, stepped back and supervised the whole. Kim Dong-ryul conducted the string sessions himself, and guitarist Kim Se-hwang took part in the recording. The guitar on the opening track, “In the Confessional,” was played by Lee Byung-woo. Newcomers who had been learning from their producer were, little more than a year later, directing the studio on their own. (Growth) If the first album was the debut etude of talented college students, the second was a work whose arrangement and recording they took responsibility for from start to finish. Reviews held that the vocals, lyrics and composition had all improved on the first album. Seo Dong-wook wrote the lyrics for the jazz-tinged “At J's Bar” and played the bass himself, moving beyond the player at the side of the stage to become one of the band's pillars.

IV. The season of strangers · 1996

(Release) In the spring of 1996, the second album, “Exhibition 2,” came out. Records disagree on whether it was released in April or in May. Its English subtitle was Strangers... The Lonely Flight Towards Eternal Freedom, and the title track was “Stranger.” As song titles like “In the Confessional,” “Last Testament” and “A Ten-Year Promise” suggest, its nine songs dealt more heavily than the first album with confession and parting, and with the loneliness of the young standing in unfamiliar places. (Drunken Truth) Yet the song people remembered longest was not the title track but the eighth, “Drunken Truth.” A man's clumsy confession, able to voice his true feelings only with the courage of drink, struck a chord with listeners in their twenties. The song was loved so much apart from the album that a separate version sung on the 1996 College Song Festival stage survives, and in the end it became the song that stands for Exhibition. (Meeting) “On the Way to Meet You” is the only song Seo Dong-wook sang alone. His unadorned voice, from someone who had always played bass at one side of the stage, earned a place at the heart of the album. (Media) 1996 was a time when CDs were fast overtaking cassette tapes and karaoke rooms were opening in every neighborhood. That fall, with the debut of H.O.T., the music chart shows began to reorganize around teenage idols. Exhibition held their ground less through frequent TV appearances than through radio and the records themselves. That “Drunken Truth” came to be commonly named the song to sing for a confession in the karaoke room was not unrelated to the media landscape of the time.

♪Stranger1996

The title track of the second album, which the two made themselves after their military service. It pairs with the album's English subtitle, Strangers.

  • Kim Dong-ryul handled the lyrics, music and arrangement alone. The character of the second album, made by newcomers who had once learned from their producer and now led the studio themselves, shows in this song.
  • It deals with the solitude of someone standing alone in a strange place. It sounds far darker and heavier than the wistful first-love mood of the first album.
  • Since Kim Dong-ryul conducted the string sessions himself on this album, the way the strings support the voice repays close listening.
♪Drunken Truth1996Live Kim Dong-ryul

It was not the title track but the eighth song on the second album, yet in the end it became the song that stands for Exhibition.

  • A first-person confession, its true feelings voiced only with the help of drink. The speaker's wavering between hesitation and courage forms the emotional core of the whole song.
  • A long ballad of more than five minutes, built to pile up feeling patiently, layer on layer, and let it burst in the chorus (the central passage repeated throughout a song).
  • A separate version sung on the 1996 College Song Festival stage survives — proof of a song loved apart from its album.
  • Coinciding with the spread of karaoke rooms across the country, it came to be commonly named the song to sing for a confession.
Listen on YouTube ↗

V. Graduation · 1997

(EP) In January 1997, the five-song “Graduation” came out on Daeyoung AV. It was not a full-length album but a short EP, and the two settled on it as their last record. It was recorded in 1996, and Kim Dong-ryul composed and arranged all five songs. Except for “Promise,” the lyrics were written by both members together. (Return) The track list was built as a return to the beginning. “First Love” was the very song from the high school demo tape that first brought the two together, with Noh Young-sim on piano. “Promise” was the 1991 Hanti Song Festival prizewinner, with lyrics by Yang Ji-yoon and Kim Dong-ryul. “In a Dream” was a new recording of their College Song Festival grand-prize song. On the title track, “Graduation,” Kim Dong-ryul once again conducted the strings and Kim Se-hwang played guitar. The final song, “Us,” ends with the two members singing playfully and Seo Dong-wook humming. (Disbanding) Exhibition ended their activities with this record. Their official activities are documented as having ended in March 1997. There is no record of any falling-out between the two. Seo Dong-wook finished school and became a management consultant, while Kim Dong-ryul stayed with music, saying there was nothing else he could do well. (Closing) The record is special in that a band that wrote so many songs of parting announced its own end under the name of graduation. Binding a song from high school, a song from freshman year and songs of the present onto a single disc was a way of putting in order the time the two had shared. The title, a farewell to school days, mapped exactly onto the real paths the two went on to take.

♪First Love1997

It was on a demo tape from their high-school days, and it was the song that first brought the two together. Only on the final album was it formally recorded.

  • Noh Young-sim played the piano. Kim Dong-ryul, who always played the keys himself, concentrates on singing in this song.
  • Seo Dong-wook heard this song and sent in a written response, and that is where Exhibition began. The song of the beginning, then, ended up on the album of the end.
  • At “A Walk,” the 2025 concert in memory of Seo Dong-wook, Kim Dong-ryul sang it alongside “Etude of Memories,” and the song took on a new meaning.
♪Graduation1997

The title Exhibition gave to their own final farewell as the breakup approached, and the title track of their last album.

  • Kim Dong-ryul conducted the strings, and the album's description even listed the genre as orchestral. The strings spread out wide, giving the farewell its weight.
  • Kim Se-hwang, guitarist of N.EX.T, played guitar. The ties formed with musicians in Shin Hae-chul's circle carried through to the very last album.
  • A song that sends off school days and youth. It sounds entwined with the real paths of the two, who went their separate ways.

VI. Separate paths, and farewell · 1997–2025

(Carnival) The same year the duo disbanded, Kim Dong-ryul formed the project group Carnival with Lee Juck. Seo Dong-wook took part in “Hold On to Her” on Carnival's 1st album. Kim Dong-ryul began standing alone with the 1998 solo 1st album “The Shadow of Forgetfulness,” and Seo Dong-wook lent a hand on that record and on the solo 3rd album as well. (Finance) Seo Dong-wook went from McKinsey & Company to Doosan Group and Alvarez & Marsal, and became a managing director at Morgan Stanley Private Equity. All the while, Seo still took the stage as a guest at Kim Dong-ryul's concerts in 1998 and 2008, singing Exhibition's songs together. (Reverse run) In 2012 the film “Architecture 101” called “Etude of Memories” back. In this film about first love on 1990s campuses, the song appeared on a CD that Seo-yeon hands over, and after the release, the song and the 1st album were loved all over again. It was the moment when listeners of the streaming age discovered a song of the CD age. (Farewell) On December 18, 2024, Seo Dong-wook died of a long-standing illness, aged 50. After the funeral procession, Kim Dong-ryul posted a tribute to the friend who had shared high school, college, military service and the Exhibition years, and Lee Juck, too, mourned a friend with whom everything had been shared. At the solo concert “A Walk” in November 2025, Kim Dong-ryul put up words of farewell to the friend and sang “First Love” and “Etude of Memories.” On the 1st anniversary that December, Kim wrote of still missing the friend deeply, and of wanting to keep singing Exhibition's songs for a long time to come.

Lesser-known stories

(Brass) The studio chatter captured on “Journey” from the 1st album is no mere joke but a record bearing witness to how the album was made. One after another you hear Seo Dong-wook proposing real brass players, Kim Dong-ryul worrying about the cost, and Shin Hae-chul answering that money is not theirs to worry about. Through this exchange, the 1st album's credit naming Shin Hae-chul as co-producer becomes a concrete scene. Yet when the track was reissued on Kim Dong-ryul's best-of album, the conversation was cut, leaving it a passage known only to those who heard the original 1st album. (Guitar) The electric guitar on the 1st album was played not by a member of N.EX.T but by Jung Ki-song, because N.EX.T was then a three-piece with no dedicated guitarist. Despite the impression of a record from Shin Hae-chul's camp, the actual players were assembled as needed. On the 2nd and 3rd albums the guitar went to Kim Se-hwang, who had joined N.EX.T in 1994, so the credits alone let you trace the shifting cast around Shin Hae-chul. (Pledge) “Pledge,” from the farewell record “Graduation,” is the oldest of its five songs. It won a prize at the 1991 Hanti Song Festival held at Whimoon High School, and its lyrics were written by Kim Dong-ryul together with Yang Ji-yoon. Set beside “First Love” from the demo tape and “In a Dream” from the University Song Festival, it shows that the last album deliberately gathered songs from three points in time onto a single disc: high school, the first year of college, and the eve of the breakup. This design comes to light only when you match the album credits against the histories of its tracks, which is why it has gone little noticed.

Glossary notes 📚🔎

University Song Festival

(Literal meaning) A je (祭, 'festival') where daehak (大學, 'university') students compete in gayo (歌謠, 'song'). (In Korean popular music) A competition for original songs by university students, held by MBC since 1977. Students brought songs they had written themselves to compete, and a top prize opened the way to releasing a record and becoming a singer right away. Both Shin Hae-chul's Infinite Track and Exhibition won the grand prize on this stage. It was, in effect, a school-festival talent show grown into a national broadcast. The one catch: you had to sing not someone else's song but one you had made yourself.

Demo tape

(Literal meaning) Demo is short for the English demonstration, meaning to show. It is a trial recording made to let people hear a song before an official release. (In Korean popular music) A simple recording of a song's vocals and accompaniment made by the songwriter and put on a cassette tape. It was used to play songs for record labels, producers or friends. Exhibition began when “First Love,” on a demo tape Kim Dong-ryul made in high school, reached Seo Dong-wook's ears. It is like the pencil sketch you draw before entering a painting contest. (Elsewhere) In games and software, a trial version you sample before buying the full release is called a demo.

Producer

(Literal meaning) The English produce means to bring something into being, and a producer is one who brings it into being. (In Korean popular music) The person responsible for an album as a whole, deciding which songs to include, which instruments and players to use, how to record, and where to spend the money. Exhibition's 1st album was produced by Shin Hae-chul and Kim Hyung-suk; from the 2nd album on, the two members took the role themselves. It is like a class play: even with a scriptwriter and actors, there is a separate director who sees the whole and sets the order, the props and the rehearsal times. (Elsewhere) In broadcasting and film, the person in charge who plans the whole production and manages money and people is called a producer, or PD for short.

Session

(Literal meaning) The English session means a single stretch of time in which people gather to do something. (In Korean popular music) A professional player brought in from outside the group to play a particular instrument on a recording, or that recording work itself. On Exhibition's 1st album Jung Ki-song played session guitar, on the 2nd and 3rd Kim Se-hwang and Lee Byung-woo did, and Noh Young-sim played piano on “First Love.” It is like borrowing a skilled friend from the next class for a single match when your class soccer team has no goalkeeper. (Elsewhere) At meetings and conferences, a session is one block of presentations divided by topic.

EP

(Literal meaning) Short for Extended Play: a record longer than a single but shorter than a full-length album. (In Korean popular music) Usually a record of four or five to about seven songs, also called a mini album. It is released not to fill out ten or so tracks like a full-length, but to bundle a single theme or a short stretch of work. Exhibition's final record, “Graduation,” was a five-song EP. Not a thick anthology, but a slim book holding only a few chosen poems.

Reverse run

(Literal meaning) Yeokjuhaeng: running (走行, juhaeng) in reverse (逆, yeok). Originally it meant a car going against the set direction. (In Korean popular music) When a song, long after release and after falling off the rankings, regains popularity through some trigger and climbs back up the chart. “Etude of Memories,” a 1994 song, drew fresh attention when it was used in the 2012 film “Architecture 101,” and sales of the 1st album rose sharply. It is like a game that was the rage a few years ago and then forgotten, suddenly spreading through the whole class again after someone posts a video of it. (Elsewhere) On the road, it means the dangerous violation of driving in the opposite lane.