Boohwal
Through more than ten changes of vocalist, the one thing that never changed was Kim Tae-won's guitar.
At a glance 🔭💭
Some coordinates adapted from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0) · Pleiades (CC BY 3.0)
The people alongside ⏳🌊
- MemberKim Tae-won
From the band's formation to the present, he has led it as leader and guitarist, writing most of its songs.
- MemberKim Jong-seo
Boohwal's first vocalist, he was with the band briefly in 1985 and later made his name as a solo singer.
- MemberLee Seung-chul
He led the band's first golden age with Albums 1·2, and in 2002 he returned to sing "Never Ending Story."
- MemberKim Jae-gi
He died during the recording of the third album, and his posthumous song "The More I Love" lifted Boohwal back up.
- MemberPark Wan-kyu
He revived Boohwal in 1997 with "Lonely Night," and in 2019 he returned as vocalist.
- MembersJung Dong-ha
Taking over vocals in 2005, he became the voice of Boohwal in the late 2000s with songs such as "Thinking of You."
I. From The End to Boohwal · 1984–1986
(Formation) In July 1985, in Seoul, South Korea, Boohwal came together as a rock band led by guitarist Kim Tae-won. Its roots lay in The End, a band Kim Tae-won had formed the previous year, in April 1984, with Lee Tae-yoon on bass, Lee Ji-woong on guitar and Hwang Tae-soon on drums. (New name) In 1985 vocalist Kim Jong-seo joined, and on July 3 of that year the band changed its name to Boohwal. But Kim Jong-seo and Lee Tae-yoon left after little more than half a year, over musical differences among other things. Kim Jong-seo would later make a name as a solo singer. The empty place was filled by Lee Seung-chul, a young vocalist still unknown. (Debut) In October 1986 the first album, “Rock Will Never Die,” came out. The title proclaimed rock, but what caught the public were songs with lyrical melodies, such as “Heeya” and “The Rain and Your Story.” Where Kim Tae-won’s delicate guitar met Lee Seung-chul’s clear, powerful high notes, the Boohwal grammar first revealed itself: a hard band sound and a plaintive song living together inside a single track. Around this time guitarist Lee Ji-woong left the band over disagreements about the division of roles. (Group sound) The times were on the band’s side, too. The late 1980s saw bands such as Baekdusan, Sinawe and H2O appear one after another, and group sound was drawing attention once more. In an era when LPs and cassette tapes were the heart of the record market, the first album is said to have sold more than 300,000 copies. With a single debut album, a group of unknown young men made their names.
The song that first introduced Boohwal to the world, from the debut album made after the unknown Lee Seung-chul joined. Here began the Boohwal grammar of pairing a hard band sound with a plaintive melody.
- An analog band recording from the 1980s, with guitar, drums, bass and keyboards playing together. Its rough texture, so unlike today’s smoothly polished sound, is worth listening for.
- The clear, straight high notes of Lee Seung-chul, then in the early twenties, lead the song. Heard alongside the thicker voice of the later solo years, they show how a singer changed over time.
- A tender way of speaking, as if calling to someone who has gone, rests on a rock arrangement. It is counted among the songs that showed group sound could hold the emotion of a ballad.
II. A time of recollection · 1987–1992
(Recollection) In November 1987 the second album, “Remember,” came out. Kim Tae-won took on the role of producer and stood squarely at its center, and the “Recollection” series is steeped in Kim Tae-won’s interest in classical music and art rock (rock that borrows the structures and long forms of classical music). Even so, Lee Seung-chul was not pushed to the back; some describe the album as close to a two-vocalist lineup. Reports say the album sold nearly 400,000 copies on the strength of the beloved track “Recollection,” while other accounts remember it as a commercial failure. (Standstill) Yet promotion of the second album never properly got going. (Parting) With the second album, Lee Seung-chul left the band to go solo. The story of that rise to the top in the 1990s, with songs such as “Don’t Say Goodbye,” is told in this series’ Lee Seung-chul installment. Boohwal’s first heyday thus ended after two albums. (Wandering) Around 1990 Kim Tae-won formed the band Game and released a record, but it drew little notice and the group soon disbanded. For several years afterward Boohwal existed in name only. It was a long void with no album, no vocalist and no stage. Meanwhile the center of popular music was shifting toward ballads and the newly emerging dance music.
Loved alongside “Heeya” on the first album, it already holds the lyrical, reminiscent mood that Kim Tae-won would delve into more deeply on the second.
- A slow tempo that echoes the loneliness of a rainy day rests on a gentle guitar accompaniment. Kim Tae-won’s distinctive, delicate guitar grain comes through clearly.
- A song in the first person, as if someone were turning past memories over alone. Rather than bursting out, the vocal builds its feeling calmly.
- A recording from the days of listening on LPs and cassette tapes. The warm sound, its high end not polished too bright, belongs to that era.
III. The voice left behind · 1993–1996
(Jageun Haneul) The chance to rise again came through one person’s voice. Kim Tae-won recalled deciding to make Boohwal’s third album after hearing Kim Jae-ki, vocalist of the band Jageun Haneul, sing. Born in 1968, Kim Jae-ki was a singer with a tone both clear and deep. (Accident) On August 11, 1993, with recording of the third album in full swing, Kim Jae-ki died in a car accident at just twenty-five. Built from the recordings left behind, the album came out that November under the title “Amnesia.” For Kim Tae-won, it is said to be the record that holds the most painful memories. (Posthumous) “The More I Love,” which became Kim Jae-ki’s last work, turned into the defining song of 1994. It reached number one seven times on music chart programs, and the third album sold more than 1 million copies. This was the age of the million-seller (an album selling over a million copies), when CDs and cassettes sold side by side. The one who sang it on broadcast stages was Kim Jae-hee, Kim Jae-ki’s younger brother. Having stood in to sing the elder brother’s song, Kim Jae-hee went on to become Boohwal’s fourth vocalist. (Idle thoughts) In October 1995 the band released its fourth album, “On Idle Thoughts,” but it was not a commercial success, and Kim Jae-hee left as well. In the wake of Seo Taiji and Boys, dance music and ballads were dividing the market between them. Judged to have followed the grammar of mainstream pop more than rock from the third album onward, Boohwal was searching for a path between popular appeal and its identity as a band.
The posthumous song of Kim Jae-ki, who died while the third album was being recorded. In 1994, sung on stage by younger brother Kim Jae-hee in Kim Jae-ki’s place, it took first place on music chart programs seven times.
- The voice heard here belongs to Kim Jae-ki, who died after the recording. A tone at once clear and deep envelops the entire song.
- A rock-ballad structure that begins quietly, then fills with band sound at the chorus (the part of a song repeated most forcefully). It became the model for Boohwal ballads in the 1990s.
- A song that calmly confides the pain that grows as love deepens. Because of the story behind it, listeners also took it as a song of remembrance.
- In an era when CDs and cassettes sold side by side, much of the credit for the third album selling more than 1 million copies goes to this song.
IV. The Discovery of Fire · 1997–2001
(Fishing spot) The next vocalist was Park Wan-kyu. Kim Tae-won said on air that around 1995 Park Wan-kyu came along on trips to the fishing grounds, and that “Lonely Night” was written there. Park Wan-kyu’s vocal power is said to have shaped the songwriting as well. A new voice, in effect, changed the composer’s hand. (Fire) In July 1997 the fifth album, “The Discovery of Fire,” came out. The title track “Lonely Night” was widely loved, carried by the voice of Park Wan-kyu, judged to have produced the most powerful and highest sound of any Boohwal vocalist. It kept the lyricism of the third album while reviving the rock energy of the first. With this song, Boohwal won back the public’s attention. (Scattering) But the upswing did not last long. Park Wan-kyu left after promoting the fifth album, and on the sixth, “Ideal (理想) Gaze,” released in August 1998, Kim Ki-yeon took the vocals. After that, bassist Jung Joon-kyo, keyboardist Choi Seung-chan and others left to form the band Juniper, and activity came to a halt. It was just after the Asian financial crisis, and the whole record industry was shrinking. (Color) The seventh album, “Color,” released in November 2000, was made with vocalist Lee Sung-wook. When the management agency went bankrupt, the album received almost no promotion; only a first pressing of 2,000 copies was made before it went out of print. Even so, over time devoted fans began to seek it out. Through this period, too, Kim Tae-won kept writing songs without pause.
Title track of the fifth album, which Kim Tae-won said was written at the fishing spots visited with Park Wan-kyu. After the fourth album faltered, it was the song that brought Boohwal back before the public.
- A guitar riff (a short, repeated guitar phrase) that lands with weight from the very first note sets the song’s character. The rock force is far stronger than in the third album’s ballads.
- Park Wan-kyu’s high, piercing voice is the core. The singer’s vocal power is said to have shaped the song. The high notes of the chorus bear that out.
- A delivery that cries out the feelings of a lonely night rather than holding them back. Though it too is a song of parting, its grain is the very opposite of the quiet composure of “The More I Love.”
V. A story that never ends · 2002–2008
(Reunion) In 2002 Lee Seung-chul joined forces with Boohwal once more. That August the eighth album, “Bird, Wall,” came out, and its title track “Never Ending Story” became a huge hit. Known as a song Kim Tae-won wrote while missing family, it took Lee Seung-chul to number one on a music show for the first time in 13 years. It topped music programs seven times in all, and Kim Tae-won won the lyrics·composition award at the KBS Music Awards. With this album, Lee Seung-chul returned once again to solo work. (Turning point) It was a success achieved just as CD sales were falling fast and MP3s and online music were transforming the market. The song went on to be counted among the defining ballads of the 2000s. (Film) The ninth album, “Over The Rainbow,” released in December 2003, was made with vocalist Jung Dan. Its title track, “A Beautiful Truth,” was used in the film “A Moment to Remember,” a connection that led to activity in China as well. It was a time when the Korean Wave was spreading across Asia on the strength of films and dramas. (Lyricism) In 2005 Jung Dong-ha joined as vocalist, and in July the band released its tenth album, “Lyricism (抒情),” followed in December 2006 by the eleventh, “Love.” As ballad-centered albums kept coming, some rock fans voiced disappointment. (Mainstays) While the vocalists changed again and again, drummer Chae Je-min and bassist Seo Jae-hyuk held up the band’s foundation for nearly 20 years.
Title track of the eighth album, made with Lee Seung-chul in a reunion after 15 years. Said to have been written by Kim Tae-won out of longing for family, it gave Lee Seung-chul a first music-show number one in 13 years.
- It opens with a calm introduction led by piano and strings, and the band sound gradually builds in. This is the arrangement style of the big ballads of the early 2000s.
- In place of the clear high notes of the singer’s twenties, you hear the deepened voice of Lee Seung-chul. It is a way of singing that husbands the breath and carries the emotion through to the very end.
- The sound piles up and swells toward the final chorus, so in concert it became the passage the audience sings along to.
- A song that renders longing for someone far away through the image of a story that never ends. It went on to win the lyrics·composition award at that year’s KBS Music Awards.
VI. A rock band in the living room · 2009–2018
(Retrospect) In 2009, marking the band’s 25th anniversary, Boohwal released its twelfth album in two parts. With “I Think of You” from Part 1, “Retrospect,” released in August, the band won the rock music award at that year’s Mnet Asian Music Awards, and Part 2 followed in March 2010. It was an era when digital music charts, rather than album sales, had become the measure of popularity. (Variety shows) From around this time, Kim Tae-won’s name began to be known ahead of the band’s. After an appearance on “Radio Star,” Kim Tae-won’s idiosyncratic way of speaking became a talking point, and on KBS’s “Qualifications of Men” Kim Tae-won conducted the Youth Choir. In 2011 Kim Tae-won stepped in as a mentor on MBC’s audition program “Star Audition: The Great Birth,” winning an enthusiastic response. Amid the audition craze, a rock guitarist had become a face of family television. (Secret) In 2011 Boohwal ran a collaboration project with a range of singers, and “Secret,” sung by Park Wan-kyu, reached number one on the digital music charts. In June 2012 the band released its thirteenth album, “Purple Wave.” It was well received as a studio album but, critics say, did not go on to produce a hit. (Handover) After Jung Dong-ha left the band, Kim Dong-myung joined as the new vocalist in 2014 and released the single “I’m in Love.” In 2015 an anniversary concert marked 30 years since the band’s formation. In 2018 came the 30th-anniversary single “Flower.” Each time the vocalist changed, Kim Tae-won wrote new songs to fit that voice.
A track from Part 1 of the 12th album, released for the band's 25th anniversary. Jung Dong-ha sang it, and the song won the rock music award at that year's Mnet Asian Music Awards.
- Jung Dong-ha's smooth yet sturdy, clear tenor stands in front, with the band's playing holding it up from behind. It captures the sound of Boohwal in the Jung Dong-ha era.
- It follows the rock-ballad form Boohwal had long refined, climbing from a quiet verse (the section that unfolds the story) to a powerful chorus.
- It speaks in the voice of recollection, of a past love suddenly called to mind. It sounds as though the feeling Kim Tae-won first set down in "Recollection" on the 2nd album still carries on some 20 years later.
VII. A forty-year voyage · 2019–2026
(Return) In 2019, when Kim Dong-myung's contract ended, Park Wan-kyu came back as vocalist. The voice that had revived Boohwal with "Lonely Night" found its place again after 20-odd years. That same year Seo Jae-hyuk, the band's longtime bassist, left, and in 2020 Choi Woo-je took over his spot. (New songs) The band released "Moment" in September 2020 and "Miracle" in 2023. The 14th studio album was postponed several times. Even in an age of streaming and YouTube, when people listen song by song rather than album by album, Boohwal never let go of the studio album as a form. (Forty) Marking its 40th anniversary in 2025, the band launched a commemorative tour in Gwangju in July. On March 28, 2026, it at last released Part 1 of its 14th studio album, Where Is Here — its first studio album in 14 years, since the 13th in 2012, with the title track "Wind in the Sails" opening on Park Wan-kyu's voice. Kim Tae-won said he had poured into the album the emotion he felt from the childlike innocence of the animated film The Snowman. The July 11 concert at Olympic Hall in Seoul was broadcast during the Chuseok holiday, and Part 2 is reportedly due in the fall. (Now) Boohwal today consists of leader and guitarist Kim Tae-won, vocalist Park Wan-kyu, drummer Chae Je-min and bassist Choi Woo-je. Countless voices have passed through this band, from Kim Jong-seo and Lee Seung-chul to Kim Jae-gi, Park Wan-kyu and Jung Dong-ha. What has bound all those voices under one name is a single guitarist who has been writing songs for forty years.
The title track of Part 1 of the 14th studio album, released 14 years after the 13th. It opens with the voice of the returning Park Wan-kyu.
- The song begins with Park Wan-kyu's voice. Heard alongside the young voice of 1997's "Lonely Night," it carries a depth that only the years could leave.
- Kim Tae-won said he had poured into the album the emotion he felt from the childlike innocence of the animated film The Snowman. It is striking that a band marking its 40th anniversary chose innocence as its theme.
- The music video was directed by Lee Jae-han. Though the song arrived in the age of streaming and YouTube, it was conceived as one chapter of a studio album.
Lesser-known stories
(1984) Boohwal's official founding date is July 3, 1985, but it was in April 1984, the year before, that Kim Tae-won formed the band The End with Lee Tae-yoon·Lee Ji-woong·Hwang Tae-soon. So some, counting The End years, see 1984 as the starting point. And because the first album came out in 1986, sources often give different years for the band's formation and debut. (Color) The 7th album, Color, released in 2000, went out of print after a first pressing of only 2,000 copies when the label went bankrupt. It got almost no promotion, and at the time few even knew it existed. Yet that very rarity, together with Lee Seong-wook's voice, made it an album devoted fans kept coming back to. It is a case of an album that failed in the market being reappraised with time. (The fishing spot) Kim Tae-won has said on television that he wrote "Lonely Night" at a fishing spot, and that "Never Ending Story" also came out of a fishing spot. The fishing spots where he used to take Park Wan-kyu in the mid-1990s were, in effect, his studio. The story that a rock guitarist's signature songs were born not on stage but at the quiet water's edge says much about Kim Tae-won as a composer, yet it has stayed little known, overshadowed by the glamour of the hits. (China) "Beautiful Truth," the title track of the 9th album in 2003, was used in the film A Moment to Remember. As the film became a hit across Asia, Boohwal went on to perform in China as well. In the early days of the Korean Wave, remembered mostly for idols, it was a case of a rock band's ballad crossing borders on the back of a film.
Glossary 📚🔎
Group sound
(Meaning) A blend of the English words group and sound, it was the name used in Japan and Korea for band music made by several people together. (In Korean popular music) It refers to bands that sing while playing guitar·bass·drums·keyboards themselves. It was popular once in the 1960s–70s, and again in the late 1980s with the arrival of groups such as Boohwal·Sinawe·Baekdusan. Picture a few classmates each taking an instrument and stepping onto the stage at a school talent show. Rather than just singing over an accompaniment someone else made, the band does both the playing and the singing itself.
Rock ballad
(Meaning) Rock is band music with a strong beat, and a ballad originally meant a song that tells a story. In Korea the word refers to a slow, lyrical love song. (In Korean popular music) A genre that uses a rock band's instrumentation and powerful high notes while singing of love and parting in slow, sorrowful melodies. Boohwal's "The More I Love" and "Never Ending Story" are prime examples. It is like a quiet piano étude that grows louder toward the end until it is played with all one's strength. Many songs begin gently and burst into the full sound of the band at the chorus.
Art rock
(Meaning) A blend of art and rock, meaning rock that seeks the depth and structure of art music. (In Korean popular music) Music that brings into rock the structures of classical music, long-form pieces, or cycles divided into several parts. Kim Tae-won's turning "Recollection" into a multi-part series on the 2nd album grew out of this interest. It is like writing a novel series that continues through parts 1, 2 and 3 instead of ending with a single short story.
Vocalist change
(In Korean popular music) When the person who sings in a band leaves and someone new takes their place. Because the vocalist holds the most visible position in a band, a new vocalist can change the sound dramatically even when the band stays the same. Boohwal is famous for having changed vocalists more than ten times over 40 years. It is like a soccer team that changes captains while the manager keeps the same tactics and carries the team on. In Boohwal, guitarist Kim Tae-won played that manager. (Elsewhere) A vocalist is someone who sings, but in everyday speech "vocal training" refers to voice practice in general.
Title track
(Meaning) The English word title means the name of something; here it means the signature song that serves as the face of an album. (In Korean popular music) Of the many songs on an album, the one put forward for broadcasts and promotion. The song a singer performs on the chart shows is usually the title track as well. It is like choosing one friend to represent the class at a talent show. Every classmate may have a gift, but only the representative takes the stage. "Lonely Night" was the title track of the 5th album, and "Never Ending Story" of the 8th.
Music chart show
(In Korean popular music) A television program that ranks the popular songs of the week and has singers come on to perform. The No. 1 spot is decided by combining album sales, airplay and viewer votes. In the 1990s, No. 1 on these programs stood as the song of the year. "The More I Love" and "Never Ending Story" each reached No. 1 seven times. Think of the weekly reading-champion chart posted on a school bulletin board. Holding first place for several weeks is a matter of great pride.
Million seller
(Meaning) A blend of the English words million and seller (something that sells), meaning a record or book that has sold more than a million copies. (In Korean popular music) In the 1990s, when CDs and cassette tapes were what people bought, an album that passed a million copies counted as the greatest of hits. Boohwal's 3rd album was one of them. Today, since people mostly listen by streaming, popularity is measured by play counts rather than album sales. Imagine every student in a class buying a copy of the same comic book, happening all across the country, and you can picture the scale. (Elsewhere) In publishing, a book that sells more than a million copies is called by the same name.